INkomfa yeBhetri yaMandla eHlabathi ka-2026: Iindlela zeBhetri yeLizwe eliQinileyo kunye neBhetri yeSodium-ion

INgqungquthela yeHlabathi yeBhetri yaMandla ka-2026, ebibanjelwe eYibin, eSichuan nge-3 kaSeptemba, ityhile imeko-bume yamva nje yezoshishino kunye nezikhokelo zophuhliso lwexesha elizayo kwishishini leebhetri zamandla zehlabathi. Ngomxholo othi “Ukuqhuba umbane kubo bonke, i-Integrated Symbiosis”, le ngqungquthela yeentsuku ezimbini igubungela lonke uthotho lwemizi-mveliso, kubandakanya imigaqo-nkqubo yeebhetri zamandla, iteknoloji yebhetri eqinileyo, ukwenziwa ngcono kwekhonkco lokubonelela, usetyenziso lwezithuthi zamandla amatsha, ukugcinwa kwamandla, kunye nokurisayikilisha iibhetri. Ibe ngumsitho obalulekileyo kwishishini ukugweba indlela yophuhliso lweebhetri zamandla ngo-2026 nakwiminyaka embalwa ezayo.

I-China yakhe inkqubo yemizi-mveliso yeebhetri zamandla enkulu neyona ipheleleyo kwihlabathi, ithatha indawo ephambili kwizibonelelo ezintsha zokuxhasa amandla kwihlabathi liphela. Nangona kunjalo, eli shishini lisajongene nemingeni ecacileyo. Kumazwe ngamazwe, iipateni zorhwebo lwehlabathi ziyahlengahlengiswa rhoqo, kwaye uthungelwano lokubonelela ngemveliso luya luba lolwengingqi ngakumbi nolwendawo, nto leyo ephakamisa iimfuno eziphezulu zoyilo lwamashishini ebhetri aseTshayina phesheya. Kumazwe angaphandle, ezinye iitekhnoloji zebhetri eziphambili ziseneziphene, uphando lobuchwephesha olujonge phambili kufuneka luqiniswe ngakumbi, kwaye kukho imiqobo ecacileyo kwiikhonkco zokuphinda kusetyenziswe iibhetri zamandla ezisele zisetyenzisiwe kunye nokusetyenziswa kwakhona.

Ngokwengxelo ephambili ekhutshwe kwingqungquthela, uphuhliso lwexesha elizayo lweebhetri zamandla e-lithium zaseTshayina luza kugxila kwiindlela ezintathu eziphambili: ulawulo lokhuseleko lwebhetri olusebenza ngokupheleleyo, uxhotyiso lwe-AI olusebenza ngokupheleleyo kushishino, kunye nokuveliswa kobomi obupheleleyo kokusingqongileyo kunye nokuveliswa kwekhabhoni ephantsi. Okubaluleke ngakumbi, eli shishini liqinisekisile ngokusesikweni indlela yetekhnoloji yeebhetri ezimbini kwiibhetri zokugcina amandla kunye namandla kwixesha elizayo, eziza kuxhasa ngokudibeneyo ukuphuculwa okuphindaphindayo kweshishini elitsha lamandla.

Umgangatho weHlabathi we-IEC wokuqala weHlabathi weBhetri yeLizwe eliQinileyo ekhokelwa yiTshayina

Enye yezona zinto zibalulekileyo kule ngqungquthela kukusekwa ngokusesikweni komgangatho wokuqala wehlabathi webhetri ye-solid-state. Isiphakamiso somgangatho we-IEC esikhokelwa yiTshayina sivunyiwe ngempumelelo, kunye neengcali ezivela eJapan, eMzantsi Korea, eFransi nakwamanye amazwe amakhulu ebhetri ezithatha inxaxheba kuphuhliso oludibeneyo. Oku kubonisa ukuba ukuqokelelwa kobuchwepheshe bebhetri ye-solid-state yaseTshayina kunye nezakhono ezintsha zokuxhasa imboni yamandla ziye zaqatshelwa ngokupheleleyo lishishini lehlabathi.

Ngaphambi kokuba kukhutshwe umgangatho odibeneyo, ishishini leebhetri ze-solid-state zehlabathi lalikwinqanaba lokudideka elineendlela ezahlukeneyo zobugcisa kunye neenkcukacha zovavanyo ezingahambelaniyo, nto leyo eyabangela ukuchithwa kwezixhobo zokwakha eziphindaphindwayo. Lo mgangatho mtsha wamazwe ngamazwe uchaza ngokufanayo isigama seebhetri ze-solid-state, iimeko zovavanyo kunye neendlela zovavanyo, ukubonelela ngomgangatho wobugcisa odibeneyo wabenzi beemoto zehlabathi kunye nabavelisi beebhetri. Iya kukhawulezisa kakhulu uphuhliso lweebhetri ze-solid-state ezikhuselekileyo nezihamba ixesha elide, kwaye ikhuthaze ukuphuculwa kweshishini lezithuthi zamandla ezintsha zehlabathi.

Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuba ibhetri ye-solid-state yehlabathi isesekwinqanaba lophando nophuhliso kunye novavanyo lovavanyo, kwaye imveliso enkulu yobuninzi ayikafikelelwa. Nangona iTshayina ikhokela ekumiseni imigangatho yamazwe ngamazwe, umkhondo webhetri ye-solid-state yehlabathi usekwinqanaba lokuqala lokhuphiswano, kwaye impumelelo yokugqibela yetekhnoloji kunye nokufika kwemveliso enkulu kusafuna ukuhlaziywa kobugcisa okuqhubekayo kunye nokuqinisekiswa kobunjineli.

Ushishino lweBhetri yeSodium-ion lungena kwiNqanaba lokuKhula ngokuQhushula

Ngokungafaniyo nomjikelo wexesha elide we-R&D weebhetri ze-solid-state, uphuhliso lwebhetri ye-sodium-ion lungene ngokusesikweni kwinqanaba ukusuka kwi-1 ukuya kwi-N enkulu ngo-2026. Kwinqanaba lokuqala, uphuhliso lweebhetri ze-sodium-ion lwaluqhutywa kakhulu kukuguquguquka kwexabiso le-lithium, ngenjongo yokusombulula imida yemithombo yeebhetri ze-lithium. Okwangoku, ingqiqo eqhuba ishishini iye yatshintsha kakhulu, kwaye iibhetri ze-sodium-ion ziye zayeka ngokupheleleyo ukuxhomekeka kwiindlela zexabiso le-lithium.

Kwicala lokubonelela, abavelisi beebhetri abaphambili bagqibe ukuqinisekiswa kobugcisa kunye nokuhlaziywa kwemveliso ngobuninzi ukususela ngo-2025 ukuya ku-2026. I-CATL isayine ngokulandelelana ii-odolo zentsebenziswano yokugcina amandla zexesha elide ezingama-60GWh kwaye ifumene ii-odolo zebhetri ye-sodium-ion zaphesheya kwezilwandle ezingama-7GWh, iqinisekisa ngokupheleleyo ukuba imveliso yeebhetri ye-sodium-ion inokwenzeka na kunye nexabiso lezorhwebo.

Kwicala lemfuno, imakethi itshintshile ukusuka ekusetyenzisweni kweendleko ukuya ekusetyenzisweni kwemeko. Iibhetri zeSodium-ion zineengenelo ezikhethekileyo ezifana nokusebenza kakuhle kobushushu obuphantsi, amandla okutshaja ngokukhawuleza, ukhuseleko oluphezulu lwangaphakathi kunye nobomi bomjikelo omde. Zifanelekile kakhulu kumandla okugcina amandla e-AIDC, iinkqubo zokugcina amandla amakhulu, izithuthi zamandla amatsha zenqanaba le-A00 kunye nezithuthi zemeko yobushushu obuphantsi. Ngezixhobo zesodium ezityebileyo kunye neendleko eziphantsi zemveliso, iibhetri zesodium-ion ziye zaba sisongezelelo esibalulekileyo kwiibhetri ze-lithium kwimarike entsha yokugcina amandla kunye neebhetri zamandla.

Isiphelo

INkomfa yeHlabathi yeBhetri yaMandla ka-2026 icacise indlela yophuhliso lwemizila emibini yeshishini leebhetri zamandla zehlabathi. Ngexesha elifutshane, ibhetri ye-sodium-ion iya kuxhomekeka kwiingenelo zeendleko kunye nemeko ukuze kufezekiswe uphuhliso olukhawulezileyo lwemizi-mveliso kunye nokukhululwa komthamo. Ngexesha eliphakathi nelide, ibhetri ye-solid-state iya kukhokela utshintsho olulandelayo lwetekhnoloji yeebhetri zamandla amatsha ezinobunzima obuphezulu kunye nokhuseleko oluphezulu. Ngelixa iqhubeka nokudibanisa iingenelo zekhonkco leshishini leebhetri zamandla, iTshayina iya kuthumela ngaphandle imigangatho yobugcisa edibeneyo yehlabathi ukukhuthaza uphuhliso olusempilweni noluzinzileyo lweshishini leebhetri zamandla amatsha kwihlabathi liphela.